When a manufacturer offers a money-back guarantee to ensure product performance, which risk are they attempting to alleviate?

The manufacturer is attempting to alleviate financial risk by offering a money-back guarantee. This type of guarantee serves to reduce the buyer's concern about wasting their money on a product that may not meet their expectations or perform as promised. When customers know they can get their money back if they are dissatisfied or if the product does not perform well, it encourages them to make the purchase with less fear of financial loss.

The money-back guarantee reaffirms the manufacturer's confidence in the quality and efficacy of their product, making it more attractive to customers who might otherwise be reluctant to invest. While performance, functional, and social risks are important in their own right, the primary focus of a money-back guarantee is to mitigate the financial risk associated with the purchase.