Which of the following is NOT considered a fundamental change in global markets?

Increased use of tariffs and embargoes is not considered a fundamental change in global markets because tariffs and embargoes are regulatory tools that nations use to control trade, rather than factors that fundamentally reshape the market environment itself. While they can have significant short-term impacts on international trade dynamics and pricing, these measures do not alter the overarching characteristics of globalization or fundamentally change the nature of global markets.

In contrast, the other options represent significant shifts that alter the landscape of global commerce. Increased globalization of products reflects the growing interconnectedness of markets, where goods and services are produced and consumed on a global scale. Advancements in technology have revolutionized communication, distribution, and manufacturing processes, making global trade more efficient and accessible. The rise of emerging markets indicates a transformation in economic power and consumer bases, as developing nations increasingly participate in the global economy. These elements represent fundamental changes in how markets operate, making the correct choice the increased use of tariffs and embargoes.